What Is Catheter Migration?

Catheter migration refers to the unintended movement of a port-a-catheter from its original implanted position.

Port catheter devices are designed to stay securely in place, but sometimes they can shift, posing risks and complications.

Migration can vary in extent, from minor movement within the subcutaneous tissue to more significant dislocation within the body.

The Dangers of Catheter Migration

The primary concern with catheter migration is that it can disrupt the intended function of the port-a-catheter.

When these devices are implanted, they are carefully positioned to allow easy access to medical procedures while minimizing discomfort for the patient.

Migration can lead to pain, dysfunction, and, in severe cases, life-threatening complications.

Understanding the causes and symptoms of migration is crucial for early detection and intervention.

What Causes Catheter Migration?

Port-a-catheter migration occurs when the catheter detaches from its original port site and travels through the vascular system, potentially reaching vital organs and causing serious complications.

Migration is often caused by improper surgical placement, structural defects in the catheter, excessive physical activity post-implantation, or even wear and tear over time.

Several factors can contribute to catheter migration:

• Surgical Technique:  The initial implantation procedure plays a significant role in catheter stability. If the device is not anchored correctly or if there are complications during surgery, migration may occur.
• Tissue Changes:  Over time, the tissues around the catheter may change due to weight gain, weight loss, or muscle atrophy. These changes can impact the position of the catheter.
• External Trauma:  Physical injuries or trauma to the area where the catheter is implanted can displace the device. Patients should avoid activities that could damage the catheter or surrounding tissues.
• Catheter Material:  The material used for the catheter can also influence its stability. For instance, silicone or polyurethane infused with barium sulfate for radiopacity can lead to fractures, which may subsequently cause migration.

Physical Symptoms of Port-a-Catheter Migration

Physical symptoms of a migrated port-a-catheter can be varied and sometimes subtle, signaling that the device has moved from its original position.

Some of the most evident symptoms of a migrated catheter are often felt physically.

The most common physical symptoms of catheter migration a patient might experience include:

• Persistent Pain: Patients might experience localized pain at the catheter site, mainly if it has shifted and is pressing against tissues or nerves.
• Visible Swelling: Swelling or bulging at the catheter insertion site may signify migration.
• Skin Changes: Changes in the skin over the catheter site, such as redness, bruising, or visible irregularities, can indicate a problem.
• Visible Catheter Length: In some cases, the catheter may become more visible or protrude further from the skin than usual, a clear sign of migration.
• Discomfort During Use: Patients may feel discomfort or pain when the catheter is accessed for medical procedures.

Functional Symptoms of Catheter Migration

Functional symptoms are often felt later after physical symptoms appear.

These symptoms don’t always manifest physically but alter how the catheter works.

Functional symptoms of catheter migration include:

• Difficulty Accessing the Port: Healthcare providers may encounter challenges accessing the catheter for treatments, drawing blood, or administering medications. This predicament can lead to delays in patient care.
• Malfunction: In severe cases, migration can cause the catheter to malfunction, making it unusable. This issue is critical for patients who rely on the device for life-sustaining treatments.
• Inadequate Medication Delivery: If the catheter is not securely in place, it may not effectively deliver medications or treatments, potentially compromising the patient’s health.
• Infection Risk: As the catheter moves, it can create openings for bacteria to enter, increasing the risk of infections, which can be severe, especially if biofilms develop.

Health Outcomes and Risks Associated with Catheter Failure

Catheter failure and migration is often associated with specific failure modes, each with implications for patient health.

Catheter migration generally can occur from and lead to:

• Catheter fracture
• Catheter infections
• Blood clots (thrombosis)

Catheter Fracture

The materials used in Bard PowerPort devices is a polyurethane and barium sulfate mixture called chronoflex AL.

While this combination of materials is essential for tracking the catheter’s position in the body, it is claimed that the use of this material has resulted in catheter fracture.

Barium sulfate is a heavy compound used for imaging purposes.

However, it is claimed that barium sulfate can create weak points if it’s not thoroughly integrated into the catheter material, making the catheter susceptible to the following issues:

• Cracks and Breaks: Barium sulfate particles can create stress points within the catheter, increasing the likelihood of fractures.
• Leakage: Fractured catheters may allow the infusion of medications or fluids into unintended body areas, leading to ineffective treatment and potential complications.
• Dislodgment: Catheter dislodgement can result in migration, which can interfere with treatment and pose severe health risks.

Catheter Infection

Notches and cracks in the catheter can provide a breeding ground for bacteria.

These notches and irregularities may not be readily visible, making it challenging to detect the early signs of infection.

Catheter infection poses a severe health risk to the patient.

Over time, bacteria can form a biofilm on the catheter surface, a matrix of bacterial cells embedded in a slimy extracellular substance.

Biofilms make it challenging to treat infections and can lead to antibiotic resistance.

Biofilm formation could lead to delayed infection symptoms.

Infections occurring at least 90 days post-implantation should be of concern.

Delayed symptoms can lead to severe complications if not promptly diagnosed and treated.

In many cases, removing the infected implanted port is the most effective way to manage severe infections.

However, doing so can disrupt treatment and pose challenges for patients and healthcare providers.

Blood Clots and Thrombosis

Another significant risk associated with the migration of the PowerPort implantable port is thrombosis, the formation of blood clots.

Blood clots can occur at fracture sites and have dire consequences:

• Pulmonary Embolism: If a clot breaks free and travels to the lungs, it can lead to a pulmonary embolism, which can be life-threatening.
• Thrombosis: Localized blood clots can impede blood flow in the affected vessel, potentially leading to tissue damage or organ dysfunction.
• Strokes: If a clot travels to the brain, it can cause a stroke, resulting in neurological impairment or even death.

Fibrin is a protein involved in the clotting process.

When Bard PowerPort catheters fracture and expose their surface, fibrin can accumulate on the rough edges, increasing the risk of clot formation.

It’s important to note that not all clots are catheter-related, as some patients may have pre-existing clotting conditions.

Further, specific treatments that necessitate catheter implants can induce clotting, so thorough assessment and diagnosis are essential to determine the cause of thrombosis.

Bard PowerPort Lawsuit Updates

The Bard PowerPort device has been the subject of a lawsuit due to issues related to migration, fracture, and other injuries.

In 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a recall to certain Bard PowerPort devicess. but later terminated the Bard PowerPort recall in 2022.

The current lawsuit against Bard Access Systems, Inc. and Becton Dickinson and Company is ongoing.

The cases were submitted to the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation (JPML), which later consolidated the lawsuits into multidistrict litigation (MDL) in August 2023.

The JPML assigned the consolidated cases to the U.S. District Court for the District of Arizona, and Judge David G. Campbell will oversee the discovery and pretrial proceedings.

Do You Qualify for the Bard PowerPort Lawsuit?

Specific criteria must be met before you can file a lawsuit.

You may be eligible to file if these requirements are present:

• Use of Bard PowerPort: You or your loved one must have had a Bard PowerPort catheter device implanted.
• Existing Complications: You must have experienced complications related to a defective Bard PowerPort device, such as migration, fracture, or infection.
• Date of Implantation: The complications should have occurred after the implantation of the Bard PowerPort.

While these factors could help point you in the right direction, it’s still best to speak with an experienced medical product liability attorney to determine your eligibility.

Gathering Evidence for Bard PowerPort Lawsuits

An experienced Bard PowerPort Lawyer can help you gather evidence for your case.

To build a strong case in a Bard PowerPort lawsuit, you should gather evidence, including:

• Medical bills
• Other receipts associated with costs
• Medical records
• Treatment information
• Employment records
• Written or video personal accounts of injury
• Photos and videos of injury progression
• Testimony from witnesses, such as loved ones

Assessing Damages for Bard PowerPort Lawsuits

Damages in a Bard PowerPort Lawsuit may include:

• Medical Expenses: This includes costs for treating complications, infections, or other Bard PowerPort complications.
• Pain and Suffering: Compensation may be awarded for the physical and emotional distress the defective catheter device has caused.
• Lost Wages: If you cannot work due to complications, you may be entitled to compensation for lost income.
• Future Medical Expenses: If you require ongoing medical care or treatment due to Bard PowerPort complications, these expenses may also be covered.

TorHoerman Law: Your Reliable Bard PowerPort Lawyer

Catheter migration, particularly with devices like the Bard PowerPort, can pose significant risks and complications for patients.

It’s crucial to be aware of the causes, symptoms, and potential complications associated with migration.

If you or a loved one has experienced issues with a Bard PowerPort device, seeking legal support may be necessary to address the associated challenges and seek compensation for damages.

At TorHoerman Law, we have a strong background in helping patients stand up against negligent medical corporations, helping them with class action lawsuits, or assisting them with the MDL process.

Our team of skilled attorneys can provide the legal support and guidance you need to pursue your case and seek the compensation you deserve.

Contact us now or use our chatbot for a free evaluation to see if you’re eligible to file a case.