Wegovy is a prescription medication that contains semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist.
Providers recommend this medication for chronic weight management in adults who are obese or overweight with at least one weight-related condition, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, or high cholesterol.
With proper intake and regular use, Wegovy helps patients achieve an ideal body weight for their height and age and mitigate weight gain-related illnesses.
Like most weight loss medication, Wegovy should be paired with a lifestyle shift, such as a calorie deficit and an increased daily physical activity.
How Does Wegovy Work?
Wegovy mimics the GLP-1 hormone, which targets brain areas involved in appetite regulation and food intake.
Wegovy triggers the brain to:
- Suppress Appetite: It reduces hunger, leading to lower food intake.
- Slow Down Gastric Emptying: Wegovy slows down the rate at which the stomach empties its contents, making individuals feel full longer.
- Regulated Blood Sugar: It helps control blood sugar levels by enhancing insulin secretion and inhibiting glucagon release.
These mechanisms of action are what make Wegovy an effective weight loss medication.
It may also lead to serious side effects when used improperly.
Serious Side Effects of Wegovy
While Wegovy is effective in weight management, it can cause several side effects, ranging from mild to severe.
Common and easily treatable side effects of Wegovy include:
- Nausea: A prevalent initial side effect, often subsiding as the body adjusts to the medication.
- Diarrhea: Another frequent side effect that may occur during the initial stages of treatment.
- Vomiting: Some individuals may experience vomiting, particularly when starting the medication.
- Constipation: Wegovy can also cause constipation in several new users.
- Abdominal Pain: Patients who are not used to the weight loss drug may experience chronic abdominal pain.
Severe or chronic side effects when using Wegovy includes:
- Pancreatitis: In rare cases, Wegovy may cause pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas that may lead to severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
- Gallbladder Problems: Studies show a link between GLP-1 agonists and gallbladder-related issues such as cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) or cholelithiasis (gallstones).
- Hypoglycemia: When combined with other diabetes medications like insulin or sulfonylureas, Wegovy may increase the risk of low blood sugar levels in diabetic patients.
- Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may develop an allergic reaction to Wegovy, causing symptoms such as swelling, difficulty breathing, and rash.
- Stomach Paralysis (Gastroparesis): One of the most severe side effects of Wegovy is stomach paralysis or gastroparesis. This condition occurs when the stomach muscles stop functioning correctly, leading to delayed gastric emptying and severe digestive issues.
If you experience severe side effects while taking Wegovy, seek medical attention immediately.
Quitting the medication abruptly can also have adverse effects, so consult your doctor before making any rash changes to your treatment plan.