Two Rivers Behavioral Health System was a former UHS facility located in Kansas City, Missouri, operating for more than three decades as a private psychiatric hospital providing mental health care to children, adolescents, adults, and older adults.
The hospital treated a wide range of mental health issues through inpatient hospitalization, partial hospitalization programs, and residential treatment services that were often used by individuals experiencing acute psychiatric crises.
As part of Universal Health Services (UHS), Two Rivers functioned within a national network of behavioral-health institutions that has faced widespread allegations at UHS facilities related to inadequate staffing, unsafe environments, and failures in clinical oversight.
These broader concerns have prompted attorneys to reevaluate whether similar problems may have impacted patients at Two Rivers, particularly individuals who later reported feeling unsafe or improperly supervised.
While the facility offered structured psychiatric programs, older regulatory actions and patient accounts have raised questions about whether Two Rivers sometimes failed to protect vulnerable patients during their time in care.
The historical record includes reports of misconduct by individual providers and serious safety lapses, contributing to ongoing review of whether any residents or inpatients were exposed to preventable harm.
As with other UHS-operated hospitals, allegations of neglect, boundary violations, and, in isolated cases, sexual violence have become part of the larger conversation about how private psychiatric systems function and how their oversight mechanisms may fall short.
History of the Facility: Ownership and Corporate Structure
Two Rivers Behavioral Health System was established in October 1986 as a 105-bed, free-standing psychiatric hospital located at 5121 Raytown Road, Kansas City, Missouri.
The hospital provided inpatient, partial hospitalization, and intensive outpatient psychiatric services under the ownership and operation of Universal Health Services, Inc. (UHS), a major for-profit behavioral-health corporation.
Over time, UHS’s corporate decisions (including staffing policies, budgets, oversight mechanisms, and program design) governed the hospital’s operations and thus are relevant in reviewing any institutional failures.
The hospital’s official “Open Letter” confirms that, after more than 30 years of service, Two Rivers closed on February 9, 2019, when UHS opted to cease the facility’s operations.
Because the facility is now closed, any civil claims will often involve UHS as the owning entity, with attorneys examining both facility-level conduct and corporate-level oversight.
Timeline of ownership & corporate milestones:
- October 1986: Two Rivers Psychiatric Hospital opens in Kansas City as a private, for-profit psychiatric facility.
- September 2008: CMS terminates Two Rivers’ Medicare participation due to patient-care deficiencies; UHS appeals and eventually agrees to a settlement requiring an outside monitor.
- January 2, 2019: Public announcement made that Two Rivers will close Feb. 9, laying off 129 staff members; the closure is attributed to a corporate decision by UHS.
- February 9, 2019: Two Rivers Behavioral Health System officially closes its doors and discharges or transfers remaining patients.
Universal Health Services: Facing Sexual Abuse Lawsuits and Past Legal Action Under the False Claims Act
Universal Health Services (UHS), one of the largest operators of psychiatric institutions and behavioral health programs in the United States, is facing multiple lawsuits alleging that patients (many of them children and teens) were subjected to sexual abuse, unsafe conditions, and chronic neglect at several of its facilities.
In Illinois alone, civil complaints accuse UHS-operated hospitals of exposing minors to sexual assault, patient-on-patient abuse, excessive or inappropriate physical and chemical restraints, and retaliation when youth reported mistreatment.
Survivors and their attorneys describe chronic understaffing, unqualified or poorly supervised employees, and repeated staff misconduct as core drivers of the harm.
A major 2024–2025 Illinois lawsuit filed on behalf of more than 100 former minor patients alleges systemic abuse, including sexual assault and emotional and physical abuse, across multiple UHS youth treatment programs.
Public reporting and legal filings identify a cluster of UHS facilities where abuse is alleged to have occurred, particularly in Illinois youth and adolescent programs:
- Hartgrove Behavioral Health System / Hartgrove Hospital (Chicago, IL): Lawsuits from more than 100 former minor patients alleging sexual assault, physical abuse, and psychological trauma, along with failures in supervision and safety.
- Streamwood Behavioral Health / Streamwood Behavioral Healthcare System (Streamwood, IL): Multiple suits and investigations alleging sexual abuse of minors, improper restraints, unsafe environments, and retaliation when youth reported abuse.
- Pavilion Behavioral Health System (Champaign, IL): Cases involving sexual assault of a minor patient and claims that the facility failed to protect children from foreseeable harm.
- Riveredge Hospital (Forest Park, IL): Allegations of sexual and physical abuse, inadequate supervision, and retaliation against minors who reported mistreatment.
- Rock River Academy (Rockford, IL – now closed): Alleged abuse and neglect in a residential program for girls, including sexual assault and dangerous conditions.
These cases collectively allege that UHS failed to protect some of its most vulnerable patients, allowed hazardous conditions to persist, and did not correct known regulatory violations or safety problems.
Alongside these abuse claims, UHS has also faced major False Claims Act allegations brought by the U.S. Department of Justice and whistleblowers.
In 2020, UHS and certain affiliates agreed to pay $122 million to resolve alleged violations of the False Claims Act, including about $117 million to the United States and states for billing federal healthcare beneficiaries (Medicare, Medicaid, TRICARE, VA, FEHBP) for medically unnecessary inpatient behavioral health services and for failing to provide adequate and appropriate services to adults and children.
The settlement also addressed allegations that UHS and a Georgia facility, Turning Point Care Center, paid illegal inducements or illegal kickbacks to certain beneficiaries to drive admissions and length of stay, further undermining clinical decision-making.
As part of that resolution, UHS entered into a Corporate Integrity Agreement with the Office of Inspector General at the Department of Health and Human Services, requiring enhanced compliance, monitoring, and quality-of-care oversight at its behavioral health facilities.
While the False Claims Act case focused on billing and quality-of-care violations rather than sexual abuse specifically, the government’s findings echo themes raised in survivor lawsuits: unnecessary hospitalization, inadequate treatment, and systemic disregard for patient welfare.