NEC baby formula lawsuits allege that cow’s milk-based products such as Similac formula and Mead Johnson’s Enfamil formula increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in premature and low-birth-weight infants.
Abbott Laboratories and Mead Johnson face claims that they failed to adequately warn parents and healthcare providers about the risks associated with their preterm formula and fortifier products.
Many baby formula lawsuits filed against the manufacturers involve a child born premature who developed NEC after receiving Similac or Enfamil formula products in a hospital neonatal intensive care unit.
Some affected infants received formula exclusively, while others were fed breast milk or donor milk along with cow’s milk-based products during their NICU care.
NEC is a potentially fatal intestinal disease that primarily affects babies born prematurely.
The condition can cause intestinal tissue death, bowel perforation, sepsis, and permanent complications such as short bowel syndrome, developmental impairment, and long-term feeding difficulties.
Scientific evidence has found higher rates of NEC among premature infants who receive cow’s milk-based formula compared with infants fed maternal or donor milk.
Plaintiffs argue that Abbott and Mead Johnson continued marketing their products for vulnerable premature infants without adequately disclosing this comparative risk.
Each NEC formula lawsuit remains an individual claim based on the child’s feeding history, diagnosis, injuries, and resulting damages.
Cases are proceeding in state courts and in federal multidistrict litigation centralized in the Northern District of Illinois rather than as a class action.
Results have varied between proceedings.
The first three scheduled federal bellwether cases involving Abbott ended on summary judgment before trial, while state cases have produced plaintiff verdicts, including a preterm infant formula trial in which TorHoerman Law secured a $495 million award and an April 2026 decision in which an Illinois jury awarded $70 million to four families.
TorHoerman Law is continuing to investigate potential claims involving premature infants who developed NEC after receiving Similac or Enfamil products.
A family may qualify for a free case review if their child was born prematurely, received a cow’s milk-based formula or fortifier in a hospital or NICU, and was later diagnosed with NEC.
Contact TorHoerman Law to speak with an NEC baby formula lawyer about your child’s medical and feeding history.
You may also use the chat feature on this page to request an immediate case evaluation.
Current NEC Lawsuit Status
NEC baby formula lawsuits remain active against Abbott Laboratories and Mead Johnson in federal and state courts.
The federal cases are centralized in MDL No. 3026 before Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, with more than 800 lawsuits pending.
No global settlement program has been established, and each family’s case remains an individual claim based on the child’s feeding history, NEC diagnosis, injuries, and applicable state law.

Major developments in the NEC litigation include:
- Federal bellwether proceedings: Abbott obtained summary judgment in the first three scheduled federal bellwether cases, meaning those claims ended before trial, while Inman v. Mead Johnson survived summary judgment and became the first federal NEC bellwether case to reach a jury.
- $495 million Abbott verdict upheld: A Missouri jury awarded $95 million in compensatory damages and $400 million in punitive damages in Gill v. Abbott Laboratories, a case tried by TorHoerman Law, and the Missouri Court of Appeals upheld the verdict in May 2026; the court later declined to transfer the appeal, although Abbott stated that it would seek review directly from the Missouri Supreme Court.
- $70 million Illinois verdict: In April 2026, a Cook County jury awarded $53 million in compensatory damages and $17 million in punitive damages to four families whose premature children developed NEC after receiving Similac Special Care, and Abbott has said it plans to appeal.
- $60 million Mead Johnson verdict reversed: The Illinois Appellate Court reversed the March 2024 verdict in Watson v. Mead Johnson after finding that the jury received incorrect instructions about the company’s duty to warn, and the case was returned to the trial court for a new trial.
- State-court outcomes remain mixed: In July 2026, a St. Louis jury returned a defense verdict for Mead Johnson in Collins v. Mead Johnson, illustrating that results have varied based on the evidence, governing law, experts, and medical circumstances presented in each individual case.
What is the NEC Infant Formula MDL?
The NEC Infant Formula MDL (multidistrict litigation) consolidates numerous lawsuits filed against Abbott Laboratories and Mead Johnson & Company, the manufacturers of Similac and Enfamil premature infant formulas respectively.
These cases are centralized in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois under Judge Rebecca R. Pallmeyer.
The MDL seeks to streamline pretrial proceedings for claims that these companies’ cow’s milk-based formulas caused necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants.
Plaintiffs allege that the manufacturers failed to warn about the risks of NEC associated with their products.
This consolidation aims to improve efficiency and consistency in handling the numerous similar cases.

In addition to the MDL, similar NEC Lawsuits have been filed in state courts across the country.
These state trials (in Illinois and Missouri) have also resulted in significant verdicts.
In Whitfield v. Abbott Laboratories and Mead Johnson, a Missouri trial court vacated an October 2024 defense verdict and ordered a new trial after finding that prejudicial conduct by defense counsel deprived the plaintiff of a fair trial; the defendants appealed that ruling.
How Many Toxic Baby Formula NEC Lawsuits Have Been Filed? Current Status of the Baby Formula NEC MDL
The Toxic Baby Formula NEC MDL continues to grow, with over 800 pending NEC Lawsuits filed.
New Toxic Baby Formula NEC Lawsuits are currently being filed by lawyers across the country.
What Baby Formula Brands are Included in NEC Lawsuits?
Many of the formulas administered in hospitals contain cow’s milk and can potentially be harmful to premature babies.
The principal formula brands named in NEC lawsuits are Similac and Enfamil.

Similac and Enfamil cow milk formulas named in the NEC Infant Formula Litigation include the following:
Similac Baby Formulas
- Similac Alimentum
- Similac Alimentum Expert Care
- Similac Special Care
- Special Care 30
- Special Care 24
- Special care 24 High Protein
- Special Care 20
- Similac Human Milk Fortifier
- Similac Human Milk Fortifier Hydrolyzed Protein – Concentrated Liquid
- Similac Human Milk Fortifier Powder
- Similac Liquid Protein Fortifier
Enfamil Baby Formulas
- Enfamil Human Milk Fortifier Powder
- Human Milk Fortifier Liquid High Protein
- Human Milk Fortifier Liquid Standard Protein
- Human Milk Fortifier Acidified Liquid
- Enfamil NeuroPro Enfacare
- Enfamil Premature
- 20 Cal
- 24 Cal
- 24 Cal/fl oz HP
- 30 Cal
- Enfamil 24 and DHA & ARA Supplement

